| Andhra
Pradesh General Information |
Andhra
Pradesh State Map |
| Area |
:275,068 SqKm |
| Capital |
:Hyderabad |
|
Languages |
:Telugu and Urdu |
| Districts |
:23 |
| Population |
:66,508,854 |
|
Males |
:33,723,738 |
| Females |
:32,781,116 |
| Literacy |
:45.11 % |
Andhra Pradesh is bounded by Madhya Pradesh and
Orissa in the north, the Bay of Bengal in the east, Tamil Nadu
and Karnataka in the south and Maharashtra in the west. Andhra
Pradesh is the fifth largest state in India and it forms the
major link between the north and the south of
India. |
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| History of
Andhra Pradesh |
|
Andhra Pradesh is said to have been the
home of the Pre- Dravidian dark coloured inhabitants. Andhra
region witnessed the rule of Chandragupta Maurya during which
it established itself as an independent kingdom. After Ashoka,
the Mauryan empire declined giving opportunity to establish
smaller kingdoms. In about the third century BC the
Satavahanas ruled for about five centuries. The Satavahanas
established a strong rule with their territories extending
upto Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh. The Satavahanas were
overpowered by the Ikshvakus by the third century AD. During
this period Brahmanism is said to have been revived. This
reduced the influence of the Buddhist which was fostered by
the Satavahanas.
By the end of the third century AD
the Pallavas of Kanchi put an end to the rule of the
Ikshavakus. Art and Architecture advanced during their rule.
By 4th century AD the Anandas established their rule which
lasted till 6th century. During the 7th century the Eastern
Chalukyas exercised their power for many centuries. Literature
was advanced during this period with promotion of the Telegu
script. The Kakatiyas who were the feudatories of the Eastern
Chalukyas became independent in about the 12th century. During
the rule of Delhi Sultanate, Muslims repeatedly attempted
intuition into Andhra. In 1332 AD Ulugh Khan established the
Reddi Kingdom of Kondavidu; the Velama kingdom. The
Vijayanagar Kingdom also ruled independently . The rule of
Muhammad Tughlag witnessed the rise of the independent Muslim
Power at Bijapur. This was under the Bahamani Sultanate. In
1518 the Sultan Qili Qutub Shah declared himself independent
and founded the Qutub Shah dynasty which existed till 1687.
During this period literature, art and architect advanced. The
city of Hyderabad was laid in 1591 by Muhammad Quli Qutub
Shah. The Mughals put an end to the Qutub Shahi rule in 1687.
After this the Asafjahis called Nizams emerged. They
influenced Andhra Pradesh the 18th century till Andhra Pradesh
was ceded to the East India Company. Gradually the whole of
Andhra Pradesh except Hyderabad was under the British till
1947. In 1956 Andhra Pradesh was declared as a state. |
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| Fairs &
Festivals of Andhra Pradesh |
| Id-ul zuha (Bakra Id) :: All India, 11 January
2006 |
|
This Muslim festival of sacrifice,
Id-ul-Zuha (Arabic) or Bakrid in India is celebrated all
over the country. On this day Muslims sacrifice a goat
or Bakr (Urdu) to commemorate the sacrifice of Prophet
Ibrahim, who willingly agreed to kill his son at the
behest of God. | |
| Republic day :: All India, 26 January
2006 |
|
26th January 1950 is one of the
most important days in Indian history as it was on this
day the constitution of India came into force and India
became a truly sovereign stateRepublic Day is celebrated
with much enthusiasm all over the country and especially
in the capital, New Delhi where the celebrations start
with the Presidential to the nation. The beginning of
the occasion is always a solemn reminder of the
sacrifice of the martyrs who died for the country in the
freedom movement and the succeeding wars for the defense
of sovereignty of their country. Then, the President
comes forward to award the medals of bravery to the
people from the armed forces for their exceptional
courage in the field and also the civilians, who have
distinguished themselves by their different acts of valour in different
situations. | |
| Muharram :: All India, 31 January 2006 |
|
Muharram festival commemorates the
martyrdom of Hazrat Imam Hussain, the grandson of the
Holy Prophet (peace be upon him). This festival starts
at the 1st day of Muharram and lasts for 10 days until
10th of Muharram. Muharram is the first month of Islamic
calendar. | |
| Vasanth Panchami :: All India, 2 February
2006 |
|
Vasant Panchami is the 'Spring
Festival' in North India falling on the 5th day of
Phalguna. This day is specially dedicated to Saraswathi
the goddess of learning, wisdom, fine arts and
refinement. It is the ceremonial welcome to spring when
first change in the departing winter is noticed. | |
| Maha Shivaratri :: All India, 26 February
2006 |
|
Maha Shivaratri is celebrated
throughout the country; it is particularly popular in
Uttar Pradesh. Maha Shivratri falls on the I3th (or
I4th) day of the dark half of 'Phalgun'
(February-March). The name means "the night of Shiva".
The ceremonies take place chiefly at night. This is a
festival observed in honour of Lord Shiva and it is
believed that on this day Lord Shiva was married to
Parvati. | |
| Holi :: All India, 14 March 2006 |
|
Holi is a harvest celebration
marking the climax of spring. Bonfires are lit, marking
both the end of winter and the death of evil, and
proceeds from the seasonal harvest- grains, coconuts
etc- offered to the flames. The next day, dhuleti
involves plenty of colour throwing, prayer, fasting and
feasting. People have fun throwing coloured powder and
colourful water at each other, dancing and gambling over
cards. | |
| Gudi Padwa :: South India, 30 March
2006 |
|
The Maharashtrians celebrate Gudi
Padwa on first day of the Chaitra month. Day welcome the
New Year with this festival, which heralds the coming of
Spring. There is great rejoicing on this day and apart
from the usual rituals like drawing the rangoli, they
have a custom of eating the bittersweet leaves of the
neem tree on this day. They usually make a paste of neem
leaves, ajwain, tamarind, gul and jaggery, this paste is
supposed to purify the blood and strengthen the immune
system | |
| Ramnavami :: All India, 6 April 2006 |
|
Sri-Ramnavami is dedicated to the
memory of Lord Rama. It occurs on the ninth day
(navami). The festival commemorates the birth of Rama
who is remembered for his preperous and righteous reign.
Ramrajya (the reign of Rama) has become synonymous with
a period of peace and prosperity. Mahatma Gandhi also
used this term to describe how, according to him, India
should be after
independence | |
| Mahavir jayanti :: All India, 11 April
2006 |
|
Mahavira, also known as Vardhamana,
is the last one in the galaxy of Twenty-four
Teerthankaras (Jain Prophets). He was born in the year
599 B.C. and has been acclaimed as one of the greatest
prophets of peace and social reformation that Bharat has
ever produced. He was born to a pious couple, Siddhartha
and Priyakarani or popularly Trishala Devi - who were
deeply permeated with the philosophy of jainism preached
by Parswanatha, the 23rd Teerthankara. Siddhartha was
the king of Kaundinyapura on the outskirts of Vaishali
(near Patna in
Bihar). | |
| Good Friday :: All India, 14 April 2006 |
|
Good Friday is a special day
celebrated by Christians on the Friday before Easter or
Pascha. It commemorates the crucifixion of Jesus.
Special prayer services are often held on this day with
readings from the Gospel accounts of the events leading
up to the crucifixion. Mainstream Christian churches
view Christ's crucifixion as a voluntary and vicarious
act, and one by which, along with his resurrection on
the third day, death itself was conquered. | |
| Easter :: All India, 16 April 2006 |
|
Easter is the time of springtime
festivals, a time to welcome back the Tulips, the
Crocuses and the Daffodils. Its a time of new suits, new
dresses and patent leather shoes. A time for Christians
to celebrate the life and resurrection of Christ. And a
time of chocolate bunnies, marshmallow chicks, and
colored
eggs! | |
| Buddha Purnima :: All India, 13 May
2006 |
|
The full moon day of April/May is
celebrated as the birthday of Gautam Buddha, the founder
of Buddhism. This day holds special importance for the
follower of Buddhism, as it is believed that on this day
Lord Buddha was born, got enlightenment and also
attained nirvana or salvation. The Buddha is regarded as
the ninth incarnation of Lord
Vishnu. | |
| Gurupurnima :: All India, 11 July 2006 |
|
The day of full moon, Purnima, in
the month of Ashadh is traditionally celebrated as Guru
Purnima by Hindus. Also known as Vyas Purnima, the day
is celebrated in remembrance and veneration to sage Ved
Vyas. He is the Adi (original) Guru of the Hindu Dharma,
who classified the Vedas, wrote the eighteen Puranas and
the Mahabharat. On this day, the Guru is offered Pujan
(worship)by the disciples. First we shall consider the
role of a Guru in
life. | |
| Nag Panchami :: All India, 30 July
2006 |
|
Naga Panchami is the festival of
snakes celebrated on the fifth day of the bright
fortnight in the month of Shriven. The festival falls
during the rainy months and is believed to counter the
increased possibility of a snake bite during this time.
People visit temples specially dedicated to snakes and
worship them. Shiva temples are also favoured places for
veneration as snakes are considered dear to
him. | |
| Raksh Bandhan :: All India, 4 August
2006 |
|
The Raksha Bandhan festival has
been celebrated in the same way for centuries. The tiny
silk threads pull the siblings together and make the
bonds even stronger. It is the celebration of the
brother sister love. It is the reminder of brotherly
duties and a repeat and renewal of a sisters wishes. It
is the celebration of being a part of the family. The
delicate thread is symbolic of the peaceful coexistence
of not only the siblings but of the whole human race.
| |
| Independence day :: All India, 15 August
2006 |
|
On 15th August 1947, at zero hour
two dominions were born in the Indian Subcontinent.
Political freedom was granted to 1/5th of human race
after a period of more than 200 years of imperial
rule. | |
| Shree Krishna Janmashtami :: All India, 16 August
2006 |
|
Krishna Janmashtami, the birthday
of Krishna, an incarnation of Vishnuconsidered to be one
of the supreme manifestations of Divinity in the Indian
belief systems, is widely celebrated all over
India. | |
| Ganesh Chaturthi :: All India, 27 August
2006 |
|
Ganeshji is remembered on chauth or
chaturthi, the 4th day of every month of the Hindu
calendered, but most of all on Ganesh Chaturthi which is
celebrated as his birthday.Ladoos (sweets) are
distributed, milk is offered to idols of Lord Ganesh at
home and at temples, and worshippers visit Ganesh
temples for Ganesh Puja. | |
| Navaratri :: All India, 23 September - 1 October
2006 |
|
Like the other festivals of India,
Navaratri is rich in meaning. At one level, Navaratri
signifies the progress of a spiritual aspirant. During
this spiritual journey, the aspirant has to pass three
stages personified by Durga, Lakshmi and Saraswati.
Then, he or she enters into the realm of the infinite,
wherein one realises one's Self. Navaratri, which
literally means 'nine nights,' dedicates three days each
to worshipping the Divine in the forms of Durga, Lakshmi
and Saraswati. The tenth day, though, is the most
important; it is known as Vijayadashami, the 'tenth day
of victory.' | |
| Dussehra/Vijayadasami :: All India, 2 October
2006 |
|
Dussehra falling on the last day of
Navaratri or Durga puja arrives in the month of October.
Dussehra literally means that which takes away ten
sins.This Hindu festival is celebratedall over India to
mark the defeat of Ravana by Lord Rama. Dussehra
symbolises the triumph of good over evil. The 'Ramlila'
- an enactment of the life of Lord Rama, is held during
the nine days preceding Dussehra. On the tenth day,
larger than life effigies of Ravana, his son and brother
-Meghnath and Kumbhakarna, are set
alight. | |
| Deepawali :: All India, 21 October 2006 |
|
Deepavali is one of the most
important festival of India. It is known as Diwali in
North India, which means festival of lights. The place
is made luminous by arranging the lights and burning the
crackers. It is a joyful day and is celebrated with
special purchases, greetings and
gifts. | |
| Id-Ul-Fitr :: All India, 25 October
2006 |
|
Id-ul-Fitr means the 'festival of
breaking the fast'. The fast of Ramadan is broken with
special prayers and festivities. 'Fitr' is derived from
the word 'fatar' meaning 'breaking'. Another connotation
suggests that it is derived from fitrah or 'alms'.
Certain Sunni Muslims believe that fitr comes from
fitrat meaning 'nature' and Id-ul-Fitr is the
celebration of god's magnanimity in providing nature to
man. Celebrated on the first day of the new moon in
Shawwal, it marks the end of Ramadan.
| |
| Guru Parab :: All India, 5 November
2006 |
|
The birth anniversary of Guru Nanak
-the first or the founder guru of the Sikhs, is
celebrated with great fervour on the full moon day of
Kartika (October-November). Guru Parab, also known as
Jyototsava is one of the most sacred festivals of the
Sikhs. | |
| Christmas :: All India, 25 December
2006 |
|
Christmas is a time for Families,
Fun, and Festivities! A time of family gatherings and
holiday meals. A time for Santa, stars, and singing
carolers. A time for ornaments, gifts, and twinkling
lights. Of sleigh rides, hot cocoa, and gingerbread
cookies | | | |